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beam cross section consisting of top and bottom flanges connected by avertical web.
a mineral, iron titanate (FeTiO 3 ), that, in pure or impure form, is commonly used as aggregate in high-density concrete.
consistency of a shotcrete mixture containing the maximum amount ofwater such that the product will not flow or sag after placement.
a truck with a revolving drum that rotates about an axis inclined to the bed of the truck chassis.
a crust or coating, generally hard, formed on the surface of concrete or masonry construction or on aggregate particles.
wire having machine-made surface indentations intended to improvebond; depending on type of wire, used for either concrete reinforcement or pretensioning tendons.
deliberate action taken between placement and final finishing of concreteto reduce the loss of water from the surface of the concrete.
the prestressing stress (or force) applied to the concrete at the time of stressing.
a degree of stiffening of a cementitious mixture less than final set,generally stated as an empirical value indicating the time required forthe cementitious mixture to stiffen sufficiently to resist, to an establisheddegree, the penetration of a weighted
the time required for a freshly mixed cement paste, mortar, or concrete to achieve initial setting. (See also final setting time.)
the stresses occurring in prestressed-concrete members before any lossesoccur.
anything other than reinforcing steel that is rigidly positioned within a concrete form for permanent embedment in the hardened concrete.
the portion of a cement or aggregate that is not soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid of stated concentration.
concrete having low thermal conductivity. (See also lightweight concreteand low-density concrete.)
process by which the hydration of cement continues because of the availability of internal water that is not part of the mixing water.
a separation between adjacent sections of a concrete structure to allow relative movement in three directions and through which all of the bonded reinforcement is interrupted.
