CSI Master Format Specifications

Kryton International Inc.

SECTION 03305

Hydrophilic Crystalline Waterproofing for New Construction

*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  This section details the use crystalline waterproofing products for new construction manufactured by Kryton International Inc., which is located at:
 
    1645 East Kent Avenue
    Vancouver BC V5P 2S8
    Tel:  (800) 267-8280
    Te1:  (604) 324-8280
    Fax:  (604) 324-8899
    E-mail: info@kryton.com
    www.kryton.com
 
Kryton products waterproof concrete by a chemical process that develops insoluble hydration crystals called “Krystol” in the capillary pores of concrete.  This section outlines the use of the following products for new construction:

1. KIM (Krystol Internal membrane) - waterproofing admixture for concrete.
2. Krystol Broadcast – waterproofing dry shake treatment for concrete flatwork.
3. Krystol Waterstop System – system for waterproofing non-moving construction joints consisting of Krystol Waterstop Grout (KWG) Krystol Waterstop Treatment (KWT).
4. Crack Repair System consisting of Krystol Plug, Krystol T1/T2 and Krystol Baricote.

Two versions of the admixture are available:  KIM (Krystol Internal Membrane), which provides moderate air entrainment, and KIM-HS with reduced air entrainment.  Throughout this specification the admixture is called KIM, but may refer to KIM or KIM-HS depending on the requirements of the project.  Edit this specification for KIM or KIM-HS as appropriate. 

KIM produces waterproof concrete able to resist high hydrostatic pressure and can replace the use of conventional waterproofing membranes for below grade concrete.  Krystol chemicals remain active for the life of the concrete, and allow for “self-sealing” of cracked, leaking concrete up to 0.5mm.  KIM also promotes increased workability and higher compressive strength.  KIM is approved for use by NSF International for use in potable water and ICC-ES for use as a Chemical Admixture for Concrete.

The Krystol Waterstop System for non-moving construction joints can be installed using one of two methods:   Internal installation for wall-to-slab joints where the system is completely encased by concrete, and external installation for wall-to-wall, slab-to-slab, or slab-to-wall joints where the concrete is cast with a keyway built into the formwork leaving an open space which is later packed with the Waterstop materials.  The components of the internal system are colour coded to allow for easy visual inspection prior to being covered with concrete.

The combined system of KIM admixture and the Krystol Waterstop System can produce watertight structures while saving time and money compared to traditional membranes and joint systems.

Krystol Broadcast is intended for concrete flatwork and is best suited for thick slabs that will be powder troweled during final finishing.  Krystol Broadcast results in a smooth surface finish suitable for typical traffic or the application of common floor finishes.

Krystol waterproofing products can be used above and below grade, and are especially useful for reservoirs, sewage and water treatment plants, secondary containment units, tunnels and subway systems, underground vaults, foundations, parking structures, swimming pools, precast concrete components or any application that requires waterproof, durable concrete.

Krystol treated concrete should be cured for a minimum of 28 days before applying any coating.  The coating contractor is ultimately responsible for assessing the suitability of the concrete for painting and performing all necessary surface preparation.

PART 1 - GENERAL

*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Remove sections not required for project.

1.1 SECTION INCLUDE

A. Crystalline waterproofing admixture – Furnish labor, materials, equipment and services as necessary for the supply and use of KIM - hydrophilic, crystalline admixture that when added to the plastic mix will permanently waterproof hardened concrete by way of chemically promoting the growth of insoluble hydration crystals in the capillary pores.

B. Crystalline waterproofing dry shake – Furnish labor, materials, equipment and services as necessary for the supply and application of Krystol Broadcast – hydrophilic crystalline dry-shake for waterproofing concrete flatwork by promoting the growth of insoluble hydration crystals in the capillary pores.

C. Crystalline waterproofing joint system – Furnish labor, materials, equipment and services as necessary for the supply and installation of the Krystol Waterstop System consisting of Krystol Waterstop Grout and Krystol Waterstop Treatment, for all non-moving construction joints to provide waterproofing by growth and penetration of insoluble hydration crystals into the capillary pores.

D. Furnish labor, materials, equipment and services as necessary for the repair of concrete cracks and defects using the Kryton Crack Repair System consisting of the crystalline components; Krystol Plug, Krystol T1, Krystol T2 and Krystol Baricote.

E. Provide all written materials, concrete mix design and site services necessary to complete the installation as herein specified.

1.2 RELATED SECTIONS
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Edit to add or remove sections as required for the project.

A. Section 03300 – Cast-in-Place Concrete

B. Section 03350 – Concrete Finishers.

C. Section 03152 – Concrete Joint Control.

1.3 REFERENCES
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Delete references not required for the final specification.

A. ACI 305R - Hot Weather Concreting; 1999.

B. ACI 306R - Cold Weather Concreting; 1988.

C. ACI 308 - Standard Practice for Curing Concrete; 1992 (Reapproved 1997).

D. ASTM C 39/C 39M - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens; 1999.

E. ASTM C 309 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete; 1998a.

F. ASTM C 666 - Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing; 1997.

G. BS 5075-2: 1998 – Concrete Admixtures: Specification for Air Entraining Admixtures.

H. ASTM E 329 - Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Materials Used in Construction; 1998a.

I. COE CRD-C 48 - Standard Test Method for Water Permeability of Concrete; 1992.

J. AASHTO T277 – Standard Method to Test for Rapid Determination of Chloride Permeability of Concrete.

K. NSF 61 - Drinking Water System Components - Health Effects; 2000a.

1.4 SUBMITTALS
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Edit to add or remove sections as required for the project.

A. Certificates of Conformance or Compliance: before delivery of the materials a copy of the manufacturer’s certificates, attesting that materials meet the requirements specified, shall be submitted to and approved by the contracting officer.

B. Product Literature: Manufacturer’s descriptive product literature shall be submitted and shall consist of detailed specifications, available performance test data and instructions for additive addition.

C. Certified Laboratory Test Reports – Before delivery of materials, copies of the reports of all tests specified herein or in reference publications shall be submitted to and approved by the contracting officer.

D. Test reports shall be accompanied by certificates from the manufacturer certifying that the previously tested material is of the same type, quality and make as that proposed for this project.

E. Training – Contractor shall advise manufacturer’s representative 2 weeks prior to placement of jointing materials to ensure manufacturer’s representative can be available on site for application training.

F. Shop Drawings – Show construction join types, layout and location.

G. References: Product must have a history of over 15 years of successful use and must be accompanied by a list of job sites of a similar nature.

1.5 QUALITY ASSURANCE
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Edit to add or remove sections as required for the project.

A. Provide waterproofing products manufactured by Kryton International Inc., 1645 East Kent Avenue, Vancouver BC, V5P 2S8.  Tel: (604) 324-8280 or other licensed manufacturing facility.

B. Addition of waterproofing admixture KIM to a pre-approved mix design shall be by a concrete ready-mix supplier approved by the manufacturer.  Addition of KIM by a non-approved supplier must be under direct supervision of a manufacturer’s representative or an independent materials engineering company.

C. The concrete waterproofing admixture KIM shall comply with CAN/CSA A266 – 1-M in the latest addition as both a WR type water reducing admixture and optionally as an air entraining admixture and ASTM C494 and as a Type D, water-reducing set retarding admixture.

D. Waterproofing admixture to be certified by International Code Council (ICC) as a Chemical Admixture Used in Concrete (AC198).

E. Waterproofing admixture shall hold a valid Agrément Certificate from the British Board of Agrément.

F. Installer/Applicator of jointing materials shall be an experienced installer approved by the manufacturer or by a non-approved installer under direct supervision of an independent materials engineering company.

G. The waterproofing materials shall not contain chlorides.

H. The waterproofing materials shall not provide waterproofing by way of hydrophobic materials such as oils, stearates, silanes, silicate salts or other hydrophobic treatment.  Manufacturer must certify in writing the absence of these materials.

I. Prior to installation, hold a meeting of all relevant parties required for successful installation of waterproofing products to verify installation methods and warranty requirements.  Relevant parties may include the waterproofing installer, installers of adjacent work or work penetrating waterproofing, manufacturer’s representative and project engineer/architect.

1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING

A. Deliver materials in manufacturer's original, unopened, undamaged packages bearing the manufacturer’s name, brand designation and batch number.

B. Store materials in a dry storage area to avoid contact with moisture.

1.7 WARRANTY
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  KIM treated concrete with the Krystol Waterstop System installed in all non-moving joints carries a 25 year material warranty.  Krystol Broadcast treated slabs with the Krystol Waterstop System carries a 10 year material warranty.  Edit section as required.

A. Provide manufacturer’s standard warranty document authorized by manufacturer’s representative for __ year material warranty from date of substantial completion.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Edit to add or remove sections as required for the project.

2.1 MANUFACTUER

A. Manufacturer: Kryton International Inc. located at: 1645 Kent Avenue East, Vancouver BC V5P 2S8; Toll Free Tel: 800-267-8280; Tel: 604-324-8280; Fax: 604-324-8899; Email: info@kryton.com; Web: www.kryton.com

B. Obtain all crystalline waterproofing products from a single source.

C. Substitutions:  Not permitted.

2.2 MATERIALS

A. Waterproofing Admixture:  KIM (Krystol Internal Membrane); proprietary compound consisting of Portland cement, quartz silica and active ingredients; when properly added to an approved mix design and delivered by an approved concrete producer, shall produce concrete that complies with specified requirements in Section 03300 and the following:

1. Krystol Growth:  Evidenced by scanning electron microscope photographs comparing KIM treated concrete to untreated concrete.
2. Permeability:  No measurable leakage through KIM treated concrete when tested in accordance with COE CRD-C 48 at 140 m (460 feet) of head or 1400 kPa (203 psi).
3. Chemical Resistance:  Minimum 20% less weight loss compared to untreated specimen after exposure to 5% sulfuric acid for 70 days:
4. Compressive Strength:  At least 10 percent increase in strength compared to samples prepared without admixture, when tested in accordance with ASTM C 39/C 39M after 28 days.
5. Chloride Penetration Resistance:  Rating of Low to Very Low for KIM treated concrete when tested using AASHTO T277.
6. Drying Shrinkage:  Minimum 20% reduced drying shrinkage compared to untreated concrete when tested according to BS 1881-5.
7. Self Sealing:  Enhanced autogenous crack sealing of concrete compared to untreated concrete up to 0.5mm (0.02 inches); verified by independent testing.
8. Carbonation Resistance:  No increase in rate of carbonation compared to untreated concrete when exposed to a 4% carbon dioxide atmosphere for 28 days.
9. Sulfate Resistance:  Improved resistance to sulfate attack compared to untreated concrete when tested to the US Bureau of Reclamation Accelerated Method.
10. Potable Water Contact Approval:  NSF certification for use on structures holding potable water, based on testing in accordance with NSF 61.

B. KIM admixture shall be provided mixed into concrete produced by a ready-mix supplier approved by the manufacturer.  The concrete supplier must ensure that the admixture is being stored, added and mixed according to the manufacturer’s written procedures.

C. Waterproofing Dry Shake for concrete flatwork:  Krystol Broadcast, proprietary compound consisting of cement, quartz silica and active ingredients to promote growth and penetration of hydrophilic hydration crystals in the concrete capillaries.

D. Krystol Broadcast shall contain a non toxic, fugitive dye that provides visual verification of uniform coverage and incorporation of the waterproofing material.  The dye shall completely fade 15-45 minutes after application due to UV radiation and alkaline conditions.

E. Waterproofing joint system for non-moving construction joints:  Krystol Waterstop System consisting of two products; Krystol Waterstop Grout and Krystol Waterstop System.  

F. Krystol Waterstop Grout:  non-shrink, non-toxic, fast setting grout containing hydrophilic crystal producing chemicals, when mixed with water and installed according to the manufacturer’s written procedures withstands water pressure of 1250 vertical feet of head pressure when tested in accordance with USACE C48-92.

G. Krystol Waterstop Treatment:  cementitious powder with hydrophilic crystal producing chemicals that when mixed with water and installed according to the manufacturer’s written procedures promotes crystal growth and penetration to a minimum depth of four inches in both directions from the treated surface.

H. Krystol Waterstop System for internal installation (Technical Bulliten #103) to be colour coded as follows:  Krystol Waterstop Grout = Red (K-322i), Krystol Waterstop Treatment = Yellow.

I. Krystol Waterstop System for external installation (Technical Bulliten #104) to be colour coded as follows:  Krystol Waterstop Grout – Grey (K-322x), Krystol Waterstop Treatment = Yellow.

*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  The following materials are used to repair cracks, honeycombs and tie holes.

J. Repair system for cracks and defects:

1. Plug Compound:  Rapid setting (1-2 minutes) hydraulic grout for repair of actively leaking cracks; KRYSTOL PLUG.
2. Waterproofing Dry Pack and Slurry Compound:  KRYSTOL T1 and KRYSTOL T2; proprietary compounds of Portland cement, quartz silica and active ingredients which promote the growth of insoluble hydration crystals into the concrete.
3. Patching and Repair Compound:  Fast-setting, non-shrink, high bond strength hydraulic grout with crystal growth properties; KRYSTOL  BARI-COTE.

PART 3  EXECUTION

*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Edit to add or remove sections as required for the project.

3.0        Waterproofing Admixture: KIM

A. Comply with requirements of Section 03300.

B. Comply with Kryton Technical Bulletins #301-307 where applicable.
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  KIM admixture normally functions as a set retarder.  The amount of retardation will depend upon many factors including the concrete mix design, batching procedures and temperature conditions.  Trial batches are recommended.

C. Safety precautions shall conform to the manufacturer’s MSDS, printed literature and all current regulations.

D. Concrete shall be designed in accordance with the standard recommended practices for selecting proportions for concrete; ACI 211.

E. KIM shall be added to the pre-approved mix design in the plastic state at a rate of 2% of the cementitious content (including fly ash) to a maximum of 8 Kg per cubic meter (13.5 lbs per cubic yard) at the ready-mix plant or when pre-approved by the manufacturer added at the job site.

F. KIM admixture shall be added in addition to the total weight of the cementitious materials.

G. KIM shall be mixed for a minimum of 10 minutes.

H. KIM shall be strictly added as per the manufacturer’s written instructions

I. Provide concrete with a maximum water-to-cementing materials ratio of 0.45 proportioned to meet all other structural and exposure criteria cited elsewhere in the documents.  The Portland cement content shall not be less than 250 Kg per cubic meter (420 lbs per cubic yard).

J. Provide Shotcrete with a maximum water-to-cementing materials ratio of 0.40.  Shotcrete shall be applied according to ACI 506R Guide to Shotcrete by an ACI approved nozzelman who is qualified in the shooting method employed and has passed jobsite prequalification testing.

K. Trial mixes made under typical project conditions shall be used to determine that the setting time, slump, air content and compressive strength of the concrete are suitable for the project.

L. Follow ACI guidelines when placing concrete in extreme temperature conditions; follow ACI 305R for hot weather concreting and ACI 306R for cold weather concreting.  Monomolecular films (evaporation retardants) are recommended for slabs during conditions prone to rapid evaporation (hot, dry, or windy conditions).

M. Not withstanding other requirements, the concrete and jointing shall be cured and protected in accordance with CSA A23.1-21.1.4, ACI 308-92 or where applicable an international equivalent.  If moist curing is not possible, use curing compound complying with ASTM C309.

3.1        Waterproofing Dry Shake for Concrete Flatwork:  Krystol Broadcast

N. Safety precautions shall conform to the manufacturer’s MSDS and all local regulations.

O. Comply with Kryton Technical Bulletin #205.

P. Krystol Broadcast shall be installed on concrete flatwork with a minimum design strength of 27 MPa, a water-to-cement ratio not above 0.5 and an air content not above 4.0%.

Q. Newly placed concrete should be free of bleed water and have reached sufficient strength to support the weight of a power trowel.

R. Float open surface, then immediately apply Krystol Broadcast evenly over the fresh concrete.

S. Coverage is 1Kg/m2.

T. As soon as the Krystol Broadcast powder has absorbed moisture from the concrete surface and the fugitive dye has started to dissolve, finish the concrete surface and incorporate the Krystol Broadcast into the surface during the finishing process.

U. Visually check for uniform colour distribution and intensity of the fugitive dye to ensure even application and incorporation of the Krystol Broadcast.  Colour will fade in 15-45 minutes from UV radiation and alkali conditions.

V. Moist cure concrete in accordance with ACI 308 for 5-7 days; if moist curing is not possible, use curing compound complying with ASTM C 309.

3.2        NON-MOVING CONSTRUCTION JOINTS

3.2.1     Examination and Surface Preparation:

W. Safety precautions shall conform to the manufacturer’s MSDS and all local regulations.

X. Do not begin installation until substrates have been properly prepared.

Y. Concrete surfaces must be clean and free of laitance, oil, dirt, paint or other foreign material.

Z. Concrete surfaces to receive Waterstop material must be clean and free of contaminates or debris.  Remove from oils, curing agents or sealers from surfaces to be treated.

AA. Surface must be thoroughly soaked with clean water to a surface saturated dry condition (SSD).  Rewet surface prior to installing Krystol Waterstop Treatment to the hardened Krystol Waterstop Grout.
*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  The use of “Internal” or “External” installation will depend on the design of the joint as described below.  Note that Waterstop Grout Internal (K-322i) and Waterstop Grout External (K-322x) are separate products and are not interchangeable.  For detailed installation procedures, consult Technical Bulletins #103 and #104.

3.2.2 Internal Installation for Wall-to-Slab Joints:

A. The Krystol Waterstop System shall be mixed and installed in all non-moving construction joints according to Kryton Technical Bulletins #103.

B. Apply Krystol Waterstop Grout (K322i) in center of joint area in a triangular strip.  If reinforcing bar is present, install as close to the center and possible.

C. Place plastic grout with 2” margin trowel, then use Kryton Triangle Trowel or similar tool to from a continuous strip of peaked material.

D. The triangular strip of Grout shall have straight angles sides and measure 2 inches at the base by at least 1.25” in height (50x30mm).  Usage is 15m installed material per 25 Kg (1-pail).

E. Apply slurry of Krystol Waterstop Treatment after Grout has reached sufficient strength not be damaged by application of Treatment.  Apply Treatment with a stiff bristled brush employing a circular, scrubbing motion to achieve maximum contact and penetration.

F. Spreading rate of slurry of Krystol Waterstop Treatment is 1 Kg/m2.  Krystol Waterstop Treatment shall be applied to the entire width of the joint and cover the previously installed Krystol Waterstop Grout. 

G. Forms may be closed immediately after inspection.  Protect the completed Krystol Waterstop System from rain, freezing or rapid evaporation for a minimum of 12 hours or until covered by concrete.

3.2.3 External Installation for Wall-to-Wall, Slab-to-Slab and Slab-to-Wall Joints.

A. The Krystol Waterstop System shall be mixed and installed in all non-moving construction joints according to Kryton Technical Bulletins #104.

B. Krystol Waterstop Treatment:

1. Apply Krystol Waterstop Treatment to the entire contact area where the two pours will meet.  Apply Treatment with a stiff bristled brush employing a circular, scrubbing motion to achieve maximum contact and penetration.
2. Spreading rate for slurry of Krystol Waterstop Treatment is 1 Kg/m2 (3 lineal meters per 1 Kg for a 30cm wide slurry).
3. Protect application from rain, freezing conditions and rapid evaporation for 48 hours or until concrete is poured over it.

C. Krystol Waterstop Grout:

1. Form a keyway to intersect the joints.  A suitable keyway may be made from a dressed 2 by 2 by trimming one edge so it tapers to 1.25” (40x40mm tapered to 30mm).  Do not use release agents on the keyway form.
2. Keyway may be pressed into horizontal surfaces at the joint or attached to vertical formwork prior to pouring concrete.
3. Remove wall keyway form material from hardened concrete.
4. Keyway must be clean and of free of release agents, debris and laitance.  Soak Keyway to Surface Saturated Dry Condition (SSD).  Do not leave standing water.
5. Pack keyway with Krystol Waterstop Grout (K-322x) as per manufacturer’s written procedures.  Usage 7.5m installed material per 25Kg (1-pail).
6. Protect the application from rain, freezing conditions and rapid evaporation for 24 hours.

3.3        CRACKS AND DEFECTS

A. Leaking cracks that do not self-seal in the time required by other construction, or are larger than 0.5mm (0.02 inches), shall be repaired according to Kryton Technical Bulletin #101.

1. Mechanically chase out cracks to 1” (25mm) wide and 1.5” (38mm) deep.  Careful attention must be taken to ensure the chase is square or “U” shaped and not “V” shaped.
2. Fill first 1/3 of chase with grouting mortar, KRYSTOL PLUG.
3. Fill second 1/3 of chase with dry pack of KRYSTOL T1.
4. Fill final 1/3 of chase with waterproof cap, KRYSTOL BARI-COTE.
5. Apply a slurry coat of KRYSTOL T1 over the repaired crack extending 15cm (6 inches) on either side of the crack.  After KRYSTOL T1 has set, apply a slurry coat of KRTSTOL T2 over the KRYSTOL T1.

B. Rock pockets, honeycombing and tie holes: repair as per Technical Bulletin #180.

1. Rout out defective areas to sound concrete.
2. Remove loose material and saturate with water.
3. If defect is actively leaking, install rapid setting grout, KRYSTOL PLUG to a max depth of 1/3 of the defect.
4. Fill defect with waterproof capping material, KRYSTOL BARI-COTE.

3.4        FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Manufacturer's Site Services:  Provide manufacturer's site services consisting of product recommendations and site visits to verify batching and installation procedures when required by manufacturer.

B. Do not cover the Krystol Waterstop System with concrete until it has been observed by manufacturer's field representative or Architect/Engineer.

C. Inspection in two stages:

1. Following the installation of Krystol Waterstop Grout, an inspector shall visually inspect the application to verify the presence of the “red” triangular strip in the correct location and proper dimensions (Technical Bulletin #103).
2. Following the installation of Krystol Waterstop Treatment, an inspector shall visually inspect the application to verify the presence of the “gold” slurry coat covering the entire contact area of the joint.

D. If a two stage inspection in not possible, a single inspection shall verify the presence of the “gold” slurry of Krystol Waterstop Treatment which shall cover the entire contact area of the joint.  For technical Bulletin #103, at or near the center of the joint shall be a raised triangle with the proper dimensions for Krystol Waterstop Grout.  A small section of the “gold” treatment may be removed from the triangle to verify the presence of “red” Grout underneath.

*ATTENTION SPECIFIER*  Not all applications will be possible or relevant to water test.  Measure change in water level to determine if leaks exist if leaks cannot be directly observed.  Delete this section if not required.

E. Where applicable, water test structures capable of holding water for 24 hours after conclusion of curing period.  Repair identified leaks and repeat water testing until structure is watertight.

3.5        CLEANING AND PROTECTION

A. Protect waterproofed concrete from damage during construction.

B. When backfilling occurs less than 7 days after installation, use moist backfill material.

C. Concrete must be cured a minimum of 28 days before applying paint or other coatings.  Surface preparation and application should follow guidelines supplied by the paint/coating’s manufacturer.

END OF SECTION

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